'X' Theory of Management

This theory was presented by Douglas McGregor.
Douglas McGregor

    Theory X managers tend to take a pessimistic view of their people, and assume that they are naturally unmotivated and dislike work. As a result, they think that team members need to be prompted, rewarded, or punished constantly to make sure that they complete their tasks.[1]

Its basic assumptions are given below:

  • The average human being has an inherent dislike of work 
  • The average human being avoids work if he can
  • Because of the human characteristics of dislike of work, there arises the need for control and direction of individuals. The individuals are threatened with punishment to get them to put forth adequate effort for the achievement of objectives of an organization.
  • The average human being wants security

Theory X can benefit a work place that utilizes an assembly line or manual labor. Using this theory in these types of work conditions allows employees to specialize in particular work areas which in turn allows the company to mass-produce a higher quantity and quality of work. [2]





https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_X_and_Theory_Y#cite_note-:32-7

https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_74.htm

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Behavioral Management Theory

Image
This theory was put forward by Elton Mayo . Elton Mayo      Mayo's Management Theory states that employees are motivated far more by relational factors such as attention and camaraderie than by monetary rewards or environmental factors such as lighting, humidity, etc. Elton Mayo developed a matrix which he used to illustrate the likelihood that a given team would be successful. [1]  He was of the view that production depends  on the way people are treated. He focused on five concepts as under.      1. Morale      2. Group dynamics      3. Democratic supervision      4. Personal relations     5. Behavioural concept of Motivation https://www.business.com/articles/management-theory-of-elton-mayo/
Read more

'Y' Theory of Management

Image
 This was presented by Douglas McGregor . Douglas McGregor      Theory Y managers have an optimistic, positive opinion of their people, and they use a decentralized, participative management style. This encourages a more collaborative, trust-based relationship between managers and their team members. [1] This style of management assumes that workers are: The average human being does not inherently dislike work Self-control and self-direction are perhaps more powerful means than external control and the threat of punishment for bringing about better results. Self-actualization is the highest level need of the worker The average human being works under proper conditions not only to accept but also to seek responsibility The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination and creativity in the solution of organizational problems is wisely distributed in the management personnel parts.                      It's also viewed by McGregor as superior to Theory X, which he say
Read more